In this post, we explore cooperative multitasking and the async/await feature of Rust. We take a detailed look at how async/await works in Rust, including the design of the Future trait, the state machine transformation, and pinning. We then add basic support for async/await to our kernel by…

This post explains how to implement heap allocators from scratch. It presents and discusses different allocator designs, including bump allocation, linked list allocation, and fixed-size block allocation. For each of the three designs, we will create a basic implementation that can be used for our…

Seok Joon 딥러닝 제대로 공부하고 싶은 분들의 '입문용' 필독서. 책이 이미 시중에 넘쳐나지만, 입문을 위해서라면 이 책 한 권만 읽어도 된다고 생각함. *임성빈 박사님의 코멘트에 따라 약간 표현을 수정했습니다.

This post adds support for heap allocation to our kernel. First, it gives an introduction to dynamic memory and shows how the borrow checker prevents common allocation errors. It then implements the basic allocation interface of Rust, creates a heap memory region, and sets up an allocator crate. At…

This post shows how to implement paging support in our kernel. It first explores different techniques to make the physical page table frames accessible to the kernel and discusses their respective advantages and drawbacks. It then implements an address translation function and a function to create a…

This post introduces paging, a very common memory management scheme that we will also use for our operating system. It explains why memory isolation is needed, how segmentation works, what virtual memory is, and how paging solves memory fragmentation issues. It also explores the layout of multilevel…

In this post, we set up the programmable interrupt controller to correctly forward hardware interrupts to the CPU. To handle these interrupts, we add new entries to our interrupt descriptor table, just like we did for our exception handlers. We will learn how to get periodic timer interrupts and how…

This post explores the double fault exception in detail, which occurs when the CPU fails to invoke an exception handler. By handling this exception, we avoid fatal triple faults that cause a system reset. To prevent triple faults in all cases, we also set up an Interrupt Stack Table to catch double…

CPU exceptions occur in various erroneous situations, for example, when accessing an invalid memory address or when dividing by zero. To react to them, we have to set up an interrupt descriptor table that provides handler functions. At the end of this post, our kernel will be able to catch…

This post explores unit and integration testing in no_std executables. We will use Rust’s support for custom test frameworks to execute test functions inside our kernel. To report the results out of QEMU, we will use different features of QEMU and the bootimage tool. This blog is openly developed on…

The VGA text mode is a simple way to print text to the screen. In this post, we create an interface that makes its usage safe and simple by encapsulating all unsafety in a separate module. We also implement support for Rust’s formatting macros. This blog is openly developed on GitHub. If you have…

In this post, we create a minimal 64-bit Rust kernel for the x86 architecture. We build upon the freestanding Rust binary from the previous post to create a bootable disk image that prints something to the screen. This blog is openly developed on GitHub. If you have any problems or questions, please…

The first step in creating our own operating system kernel is to create a Rust executable that does not link the standard library. This makes it possible to run Rust code on the bare metal without an underlying operating system. This blog is openly developed on GitHub. If you have any problems or…

Organization: Archive Team Formed in 2009, the Archive Team (not to be confused with the archive.org Archive-It Team) is a rogue archivist collective dedicated to saving copies of rapidly dying or deleted websites for the sake of history and digital heritage. The group is 100% composed of volunteers…

[ Top] [Contents] [Index] [ / ] by Paul Graham (C) xxxx Paul Graham Unofficial Texinfo Format version 0 (April 1, 2002) Unofficial Texinfo Format Dedication page iii Dedication page iv Preface to this edition 1. The Extensible Language 2. Functions 3. Functional Programming 4. Utility Functions 5.…

Welcome to IMS2 This is the website for Introduction to Modern Statistics, Second Edition by Mine Çetinkaya-Rundel and Johanna Hardin. Introduction to Modern Statistics, which we’ll refer to as IMS going forward, is a textbook from the OpenIntro project. The book will always be available for free…

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